The Fashion Industry Goes Green with Sustainable Agriculture

IZMIR, TURKEY — While efforts have focused on reducing waste, brands and designers are increasingly endorsing projects in regenerative agriculture to help reduce the emissions produced in the manufacture of classic textiles, such as cotton and wool.

In between rows of sprouting cotton crops, the dried-out stems of wheat and sugar beet carpet a stretch of farmland near Turkey’s Aegean coast, helping to lock in soil nutrients and moisture — even in the scorching heat.

In nearby fields, where cotton is being grown without the protective blanket, the plants wilt and wither under the sun. “Healthier soil means healthier cotton,” said Basak Erdem, the farm manager of cotton fields owned and run by cotton
manufacturer SOKTAS, which is based in the Soke municipality of Aydin province.

Four years since SOKTAS first converted one hectare (2.47 acres) of land for regenerative farming — using nature-based methods to restore the land and improve its carbon storage capacity — the soil absorbs more than 18 tonnes of carbon per hectare a year.

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Nuevas condenas en EE.UU: 176 millones de dólares contra Bayer-Monsanto por los efectos cancerígenos de su agrotóxico Roundup

Un jurado de Filadelfia le ordenó a la firma Bayer AG –que compró Monsanto en 2018– pagar 175 millones de dólares a Ernest Caranci quien sufre de Linfoma no Hodkin (cáncer en el sistema linfático) al dar por probados los efectos cancerígenos del Roundup, agrotóxico fabricado a base de glifosato. El fallo se conoció este viernes 27 de octubre. El 20 de octubre otro jurado, en un tribunal estatal de St. Louis, había otorgado una cifra menor, pero muy importante (1,25 millones de dólares) por daños y perjuicios a John Darnell, paciente oncológico en remisión que también venía litigando contra la corporación de origen alemán. Así, en una semana Bayer recibió dos nuevas condenas en Estados Unidos por los efectos del Roundup, que sigue siendo el agrotóxico más pulverizado en Argentina. Los abogados demandantes sostuvieron que el ingrediente principal del Roundup, el glifosato, es un carcinógeno tóxico pero la formulación final es un cocktail venenoso aún más grave.

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Regenerative Agriculture Slated to Restore Ecosystems As Pressure Mounts in F&B Sectors

The food agriculture sector faces mounting pressure to reduce its contributions to climate change. While agriculture accounts for around 34% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, mainly from farming, deforestation and transportation activities in supply chains, the F&B sector recognizes the imperative to act on climate change, sparking interest in regenerative agriculture’s potential to restore ecosystems and sequester carbon.

Concurrently, 60% of consumers globally now rate sustainability as an essential purchase factor, driving demand for sustainably sourced products ever higher, according to FoodChain ID, a company that has been providing integrated food safety, quality and sustainability services to the global agrifoods industry since 1996.

Food Ingredients First speaks to FoodChain ID ahead of the company’s webinar on regenerative agriculture, which will be broadcast on November 8, 2023.

Dr. Ruud Overbeek, senior vice president of corporate development and strategic relationships at FoodChain ID, says agriculture is under pressure to demonstrate and improve its sustainable credentials.

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A Week on a Regenerative Dairy Farm

In November 2019, I found myself on the other side of the planet, at Yandoit Farm, in the middle of the Australian countryside. I was part of a cohort of around twenty eclectics who had come to learn the concepts and applications of permaculture (and the joys of spring camping) over a two-week period. From these fourteen intense days of training, I came away with a head full of inspiration, ideas and projects to transpose onto the plot of land awaiting my arrival in Quebec a few months later. In spite of my enthusiasm, there was still an uneasy feeling in the back of my mind: how could I, as a proud descendant of five generations of farmers, combine permaculture and its principles with modern dairy and livestock farming?

Life has more than one twist and turn, and now, almost exactly four years later, I find myself in New York State attending a course in regenerative dairy production offered by Soil Health Academy.

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A Bold Return to Giving a Damn

Why did you write the book?

“As I approached 40 years of age my view of how I should treat my land, my herd, and my community radically evolved… in ways that I would never have expected. My perception of what is good land stewardship. and what is good animal welfare, and what is good community service turned upside down. Good land management came to mean giving up utilizing harmful industrial reductionist science tools like pesticides and chemical fertilizers. Good animal welfare came to mean moving from merely not treating animals with cruelty to allowing them to express their instinctive behavior.

Good community development came to mean evolving my hometown [Bluffton, Georgia] from a literal ghost town into a delightful little village. I realized that what I had done was good, and important, and highly replicable. I understood that if I could tell my story to other farmers and ranchers, they too could find the courage to step outside the horribly damaging commodity agricultural production system.I wanted to share my 30-plus-year journey with others who might decide to make the same choice.”

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El dilema mexicano: usar o no el maíz transgénico de Monsanto

El maíz es la especie vegetal central en la alimentación, sociedad, cultura y economía de México, y no podía ser de otra forma, pues en este territorio mesoamericano se originó y se cultiva allí desde hace más de seis mil años.

Todo comenzó en el Valle de Tehuacán, y es de otra parte, el reservorio de 64 variedades de ese alimento, 59 de las cuales son nativas.

Ni que decir de la importancia del maíz en la cultura Maya, pues podemos afirmar, sin temor a equivocarnos, que el maíz era la base fundamental de la sociedad, ya que existe una relación indisoluble del mismo con los grupos humanos que habitaron el territorio desde tiempos prehistóricos y dichas culturas basaron su desarrollo en el cultivo de este cereal; además, esta relación ha permanecido hasta el presente en las poblaciones rurales e indígenas de todo México.

El consumo del maíz inició con un sencillo proceso de calentamiento hasta que la semilla explotara en la forma que hoy conocemos como “palomita de maíz” y más tarde, es casi seguro que también se moliera para producir harina, pero sin duda, el proceso de nixtamalización para la elaboración de la masa para tortillas y tamales es uno de los grandes logros de las culturas mesoamericanas, al favorecer la biodisposición del calcio, aminoácidos y niacina.

Para la época anterior a la conquista española ya los habitantes de Mesoamérica efectuaban un aprovechamiento integral del maíz. Tanto los granos, las hojas, los tallos, como las espigas del maíz, se utilizan con diferentes propósitos.

Todas las partes de la planta, incluyendo las raíces y horcones, sirven como abono o combustible. La caña se utiliza en la construcción como también en trabajo artesanal, ha servido de envolvente, abono, combustible, bebida refrescante o embriagante.

La hoja sirve como envoltura de tamales, para fabricar objetos rituales o artesanales, también como recipiente y para amarrar manojos de hierbas y especias; antiguamente los cigarros venían envueltos en hojas de totomoxtle. El olote, corazón de la mazorca, se emplea como combustible y alimento para animales, como herramienta para desgranar las mazorcas, pulir madera y piezas de alfarería, o como tapón de recipientes.

Actualmente, la industria emplea el maíz como forraje en la alimentación de grandes hatos, y para obtener compuestos químicos comercializados en alimentos, medicinas y cosméticos: azúcar de maíz, dextrosa, miel de maíz, almidón o fécula, aceite, color caramelo, dextrina, malto dextrina, sorbitol, y ácido láctico. También es un recurso energético renovable, ya que de él se obtiene el etanol, que es un alcohol derivado de la fermentación del almidón del maíz, el cual se emplea como combustible para automotores.

Como podemos observar con la exhaustiva descripción anterior, los mexicanos desde siempre han tenido un consumo autosustentable, pero han pasado muchos siglos y las cosas han cambiado de manera absoluta, pues actualmente todo el mercado mundial del cereal está controlado por unas pocas multinacionales, entre las que se destaca por mucho la firma estadounidense Monsanto.

México ha padecido cambios profundos que iniciaron en los noventas el Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte (TLCAN): desde el retiro de subsidios directos para el sector agrícola, hasta la desaparición de instituciones públicas que antes ofrecían asistencia técnica para el cultivo del maíz.

En cambio, Estados Unidos se reservó el derecho de inundar a México con su maíz transgénico a muy bajo costo, puesto que es producido de manera industrial en grandes extensiones y como si lo anterior fuera poco, con importantes subsidios a los agricultores estadunidenses.

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Mexico’s Corn Defenders Honored with Environmental Prize

When I arrived in Mexico City nine years ago to research the effort by citizen groups to stop multinational seed companies from planting genetically modified corn in Mexico, the groups had just won an injunction to suspend planting permits. Monsanto and the other companies, supported by the Mexican government at the time, appealed and the farmer, consumer and environmental groups were awaiting a judicial ruling.

I asked their lead lawyer, Rene Sánchez Galindo, how he thought they could hope to overcome the massive economic and legal power of the companies and government. He said with a smile, “The judge surely eats tacos. Everyone here eats tacos. They know maize is different.”

He was right. The next day the judge upheld the precautionary injunction. And he is still right: Ten years after the Demanda Colectiva, a collective of 53 people from 22 organizations, filed their class-action suit to stop GM corn, the precautionary injunction remains in effect despite some 130 company appeals.

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Demanda Colectiva Maíz recibió premio Pax Natura 2023

La Demanda Colectiva Maíz (DCM) recibió el premio Pax Natura 2023, en reconocimiento de una década de litigo estratégico por la defensa de los maíces nativos en México. Randall Tolpinraud, director de la Fundación Pax Natura, entregó la presea en el auditorio Pedro López del Museo Franz Mayer el lunes 16 de octubre.

La ceremonia de entrega comenzó con un ritual dirigido por Amalia Salas, xochimilca reconocida por la defensa de los derechos de la tierra. Quien dirigió con el “atecocolli” (caracol marino) al auditorio, para agradecer hacia los cuatro vientos a la “madre Tonantzin”, deidad nahua de la fertilidad, “por las semillas y el alimento”.

Mercedes López, representante del colectivo que dirige la demanda, recibió la presea en nombre de su agrupación, que concentra más de diez organizaciones campesinas, así como a decenas de activistas y científicos.

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Joint Statement Rebutting Distorted Media Lies About Sri Lanka’s Organic Pathway

Agribusiness cartels and media articles stated that Sri Lanka’s economic chaos was caused by the government forcing the country to go organic.

These articles’ familiar false narratives, untruths, and language style show spin doctors wrote them from a PR company employed by pesticide/big agriculture cartels. They were cut and pasted by poor-quality journalists who did not fact-check.

The narrative was that the government forced farmers to become organic by banning chemical fertilizers. This caused crop failures and food shortages, which caused the riots causing economic chaos.

This is a gross distortion of the truth by falsely connecting dots. The economic chaos was not caused by the country going organic, as it hadn’t gone organic. The government was only planning to do so in the future.

Sri Lanka’s Economic Troubles

Sri Lanka was in severe economic trouble due to the build-up of financial debt caused by a combination of factors that began with the crippling financial drain, infrastructure damage, and social disruption of the decades-long civil war.

On top of this, tax cuts in 2019 reduced government revenue and deepened that country’s national debt. The 2020 Covid-19 pandemic decimated the tourism industry. All these factors caused a significant increase in inflation, contributing to shortages of food and essential goods and increasing food insecurity in Sri Lanka. Sri Lanka was in severe economic and social trouble by the beginning of 2021.

The Import and Export Control Department banned the importation of chemical fertilizers on April 27, 2021, because they contributed over $400 million to the trade deficit. This was the start of a range of measures that would be proposed to create an economic recovery.

Organic Agriculture was not the Cause of Sri Lanka’s Economic Chaos

The ban on chemical fertilizers and agrochemicals was not to turn Sri Lanka into an organic country; it was to reduce Sri Lanka’s crippling national debt. A presidential task force was formed to develop a green, climate change-resilient economy of which organic agriculture was one aspect.

Sir Lanka never implemented a national organic transition program, so the campaign to blame the collapse of its economy on organic agriculture is pure misinformation based on a series of lies fed by a PR company to poor-quality journalists who did not fact-check.

The Rice Miller Oligarchies were Contributors to the Chaos

The traditional withholding of rice stocks and the artificial increases of prices that the rice miller oligarchies manufacture every year after the primary harvest season created artificial shortages that contributed to the chaos that started riots. Other contributing factors resulted from fuel and essential items shortages and excessive inflation, making everything more expensive and unaffordable.

Transitioning to Organic

The sudden reduction of fertilizer caused a decline in rice production. However, this was not because the country went organic. It takes three years to transition a farm to organic and decades to transition a country or region, as in the cases of the successful transitions of Bhutan and Sikkim. Just stopping chemical fertilizers does not make a farm organic. Cuba successfully transitioned to organic agriculture when fertilizers and oil were blockaded.

The national and international organic sectors advised the Sri Lankan Government to develop plans to manage the transition to organic and advised against the sudden cessation of fertilizers and agrochemicals. A plan was never developed for Sri Lanka, although a few proposals were started to begin the process that would require several years to implement.

Organic agriculture is not a system of neglect. Stopping chemical fertilizers and toxic agrochemicals does not make a farm organic. Organic agriculture has a variety of management systems to increase soil fertility and effectively manage weeds, pests, and diseases. These take years to develop, one of the reasons for a three-year transition period to achieve organic certification.

Higher Yields with Organic Agriculture

Transitioning to organic does not have to decrease yields. Best practice organic systems are getting equal to higher yields than industrial and agricultural systems, especially in developing countries like Sri Lanka.

Noémi Nemes from the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) analyzed over 50 economic studies. She stated that the data: ‘… demonstrates that, in most cases, organic systems are more profitable than non-organic systems. Higher market prices and premiums, lower production costs, or a combination of the two generally result in higher relative profits from organic agriculture in developed countries. The same conclusion can be drawn from studies in developing countries, but there, higher yields combined with high premiums are the underlying causes of their relatively greater profitability.’

The critical issue is that organic agriculture provides a higher income and yields in developing countries. Yields can be significantly increased by teaching farmers to add science-based regenerative and organic practices to their traditional methods.

Increases in Rice Production

Rice is the most important staple food crop in Sri Lanka. There is ample evidence that rice production and profitability can increase with regenerative and organic agriculture based on the science of agroecology.

A research project conducted in the Philippines by MASIPAG found that the yields of organic rice were similar to industrial systems. The research project significantly compared the income between similar-sized industrial and organic farms and found that the average income for organic farms was 150% higher than for industrial farms.

The improvements in the science and practices of the System of Rice Intensification (SRI) using regenerative and organic systems are getting impressive yields higher than the average for chemical fertilizer systems.

Professor Uphoff from Cornell University states: “SRI methods have often enabled poor farmers to double, triple, or even quadruple their yields, not just individually but on a village level, without purchasing new varieties or agrochemical inputs.”

The Future

The new Sri Lankan Government is working with the Lanka Organic Agriculture Movement (LOAM), EarthRestoration, and other stakeholders to develop a plan to implement organic agriculture.

The transition program is essential because of the current exceptionally high prices for synthetic fertilizers and the poor exchange value of the Sri Lankan currency; most farmers cannot afford these fertilizers. They are going into deep debt when they use them or have reduced yields by not using them because they haven’t been taught effective alternatives.

Adopting best-practice organic and regenerative systems based on the science of agroecology will ensure good yields and higher incomes for farmers without these expensive and toxic chemicals.

The world will have to transition to fossil fuel-free organic agriculture to address climate change since industrial agriculture and fossil fuel emissions are significant drivers of climate change.

Navdanya and Regeneration International will continue supporting the Sri Lankan organic movement in achieving this critical outcome.

October 18, 2023
Thilak Kariyawasam, Lanka Organic Agriculture Movement (LOAM)
Dr. Ranil Senanayake, EarthRestoration
Dr. Vandana Shiva, Navdanya
Dr. Andre Leu, Regeneration International

Watch the New Documentary “Common Ground”

Soil4ClimateBig Picture Ranch and Area 23a present a hopeful and uplifting story of the pioneers of the Regenerative Movement who are known for producing tremendous quantities of nutritionally dense food and working to balance the climate – all while bringing our entire ecosystem back to life. The film investigates the power of regenerative farming systems from large to small-scale farming as the key to unlocking more (and healthier) food to feed America and the world beyond.

 

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